{"id":897,"date":"2020-11-28T09:44:03","date_gmt":"2020-11-28T01:44:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linuxdevops.cn\/?p=897"},"modified":"2023-03-28T11:19:04","modified_gmt":"2023-03-28T03:19:04","slug":"detailed-explanation-of-dockerfile-instruction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linuxdevops.cn\/2020\/11\/detailed-explanation-of-dockerfile-instruction\/","title":{"rendered":"Dockerfile  \u6307\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Docker Dockerfile<\/h1>\n<h3>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Dockerfile\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>Dockerfile \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u6761\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>FROM\uff1a\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e FROM \u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 nginx \u5c31\u662f\u5b9a\u5236\u9700\u8981\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>RUN\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7740\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4fe9\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>shell \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>RUN &lt;\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u547d\u4ee4&gt;\n# &lt;\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u547d\u4ee4&gt; \u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\uff0c\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684 shell \u547d\u4ee4\u3002\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>exec \u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>RUN [&quot;\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6&quot;, &quot;\u53c2\u65701&quot;, &quot;\u53c2\u65702&quot;]\n# \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\n# RUN [&quot;.\/test.php&quot;, &quot;dev&quot;, &quot;offline&quot;] \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e RUN .\/test.php dev offline\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<pre><code>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1aDockerfile \u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6bcf\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728 docker \u4e0a\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u5c42\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fc7\u591a\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5c42\uff0c\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u955c\u50cf\u81a8\u80c0\u8fc7\u5927\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\n\nFROM centos\nRUN yum install wget\nRUN wget -O redis.tar.gz &quot;http:\/\/download.redis.io\/releases\/redis-5.0.3.tar.gz&quot;\nRUN tar -xvf redis.tar.gz\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa 3 \u5c42\u955c\u50cf\u3002\u53ef\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a\nFROM centos\nRUN yum install wget \\\n    &amp;&amp; wget -O redis.tar.gz &quot;http:\/\/download.redis.io\/releases\/redis-5.0.3.tar.gz&quot; \\\n    &amp;&amp; tar -xvf redis.tar.gz\n\u5982\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5 &amp;&amp; \u7b26\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6267\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa 1 \u5c42\u955c\u50cf\u3002\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf<\/h3>\n<pre><code>$ docker build -t nginx:test .\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84<\/h3>\n<p>\u6307\u4ee4\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a . \u662f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u662f\u6307 docker \u5728\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u60f3\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u672c\u673a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u590d\u5236\uff09\uff0cdocker build \u547d\u4ee4\u5f97\u77e5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u6253\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e docker \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f C\/S\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u672c\u673a\u662f C\uff0cdocker \u5f15\u64ce\u662f S\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5728 docker \u5f15\u64ce\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u672c\u673a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u672c\u673a\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u8d77\u6253\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9 docker \u5f15\u64ce\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u672a\u8bf4\u660e\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84\u5c31\u662f Dockerfile \u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u4e0d\u8981\u653e\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f1a\u4e00\u8d77\u6253\u5305\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9 docker \u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u8fc7\u591a\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7f13\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u6307\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3<\/h2>\n<h3>COPY<\/h3>\n<p>\u590d\u5236\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u91cc\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>COPY [--chown=&lt;user&gt;:&lt;group&gt;] &lt;\u6e90\u8def\u5f841&gt;...  &lt;\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84&gt;\nCOPY [--chown=&lt;user&gt;:&lt;group&gt;] [&quot;&lt;\u6e90\u8def\u5f841&gt;&quot;,...  &quot;&lt;\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84&gt;&quot;]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>[--chown=<user>:<group>]\uff1a\u53ef\u9009\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6539\u53d8\u590d\u5236\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u548c\u5c5e\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&lt;\u6e90\u8def\u5f84&gt;\uff1a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u6e90\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u89c4\u5219\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3 Go \u7684 filepath.Match \u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>COPY hom* \/mydir\/\nCOPY hom?.txt \/mydir\/\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>&lt;\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84&gt;\uff1a\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u8be5\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u7528\u4e8b\u5148\u5efa\u597d\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>ADD<\/h3>\n<p>ADD \u6307\u4ee4\u548c COPY \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u683c\u5f0f\u4e00\u81f4\uff08\u540c\u6837\u9700\u6c42\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 COPY\uff09\u3002\u529f\u80fd\u4e5f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ADD \u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a\u5728\u6267\u884c &lt;\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6&gt; \u4e3a tar \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a gzip, bzip2 \u4ee5\u53ca xz \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u89e3\u538b\u5230 &lt;\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84&gt;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ADD \u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\uff1a\u5728\u4e0d\u89e3\u538b\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u590d\u5236 tar \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f1a\u4ee4\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ee4\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u53d8\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u7f13\u6162\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u538b\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>CMD<\/h3>\n<p>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e RUN \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u8005\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u4e0d\u540c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CMD \u5728docker run \u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>RUN \u662f\u5728 docker build\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u4e3a\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u4e5f\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u3002CMD \u6307\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u88ab docker run \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5982\u679c Dockerfile \u4e2d\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a CMD \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ec5\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>CMD &lt;shell \u547d\u4ee4&gt; \nCMD [&quot;&lt;\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u547d\u4ee4&gt;&quot;,&quot;&lt;param1&gt;&quot;,&quot;&lt;param2&gt;&quot;,...] \nCMD [&quot;&lt;param1&gt;&quot;,&quot;&lt;param2&gt;&quot;,...]  # \u8be5\u5199\u6cd5\u662f\u4e3a ENTRYPOINT \u6307\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6bd4\u8f83\u660e\u786e\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u662f sh\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3>ENTRYPOINT<\/h3>\n<p>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e CMD \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab docker run \u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6240\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u53c2\u6570\u9001\u7ed9 ENTRYPOINT \u6307\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f, \u5982\u679c\u8fd0\u884c docker run \u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 --entrypoint \u9009\u9879\uff0c\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u5f53\u4f5c\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8986\u76d6 ENTRYPOINT \u6307\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a\u5728\u6267\u884c docker run \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a ENTRYPOINT \u8fd0\u884c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5982\u679c Dockerfile \u4e2d\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a ENTRYPOINT \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ec5\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>ENTRYPOINT [&quot;&lt;executeable&gt;&quot;,&quot;&lt;param1&gt;&quot;,&quot;&lt;param2&gt;&quot;,...]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u642d\u914d CMD \u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u53d8\u53c2\u624d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 CMD \uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 CMD \u7b49\u4e8e\u662f\u5728\u7ed9 ENTRYPOINT \u4f20\u53c2\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u4f1a\u63d0\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7 Dockerfile \u6784\u5efa\u4e86 nginx:test \u955c\u50cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>FROM nginx\n\nENTRYPOINT [&quot;nginx&quot;, &quot;-c&quot;] # \u5b9a\u53c2\nCMD [&quot;\/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf&quot;] # \u53d8\u53c2 \n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a<a href='https:\/\/www.cntofu.com\/book\/139\/image\/dockerfile\/entrypoint.md' target='_blank' class='url' rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.cntofu.com\/book\/139\/image\/dockerfile\/entrypoint.md<\/a><\/p>\n<p>1\u3001\u4e0d\u4f20\u53c2\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n<pre><code>$ docker run  nginx:test\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u4f1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>nginx -c \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2\u3001\u4f20\u53c2\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n<pre><code>$ docker run  nginx:test -c \/etc\/nginx\/new.conf\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u4f1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b(\/etc\/nginx\/new.conf:\u5047\u8bbe\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u5df2\u6709\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6)<\/p>\n<pre><code>nginx -c \/etc\/nginx\/new.conf\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>ENV<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>ENV &lt;key&gt; &lt;value&gt;\nENV &lt;key1&gt;=&lt;value1&gt; &lt;key2&gt;=&lt;value2&gt;...\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u8bbe\u7f6e NODE_VERSION = 7.2.0 \uff0c \u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 $NODE_VERSION \u5f15\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>ENV NODE_VERSION 7.2.0\n\nRUN curl -SLO &quot;https:\/\/nodejs.org\/dist\/v$NODE_VERSION\/node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-x64.tar.xz&quot; \\\n  &amp;&amp; curl -SLO &quot;https:\/\/nodejs.org\/dist\/v$NODE_VERSION\/SHASUMS256.txt.asc&quot;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>ARG<\/h3>\n<p>\u6784\u5efa\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e0e ENV \u4f5c\u7528\u4e00\u81f3\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002ARG \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4ec5\u5bf9 Dockerfile \u5185\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u53ea\u6709 docker build \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u597d\u7684\u955c\u50cf\u5185\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6b64\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6784\u5efa\u547d\u4ee4 docker build \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 --build-arg &lt;\u53c2\u6570\u540d&gt;=&lt;\u503c&gt; \u6765\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>ARG &lt;\u53c2\u6570\u540d&gt;[=&lt;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c&gt;]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>VOLUME<\/h3>\n<p>\u5b9a\u4e49\u533f\u540d\u6570\u636e\u5377\u3002\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\u5fd8\u8bb0\u6302\u8f7d\u6570\u636e\u5377\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u533f\u540d\u5377\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u5bb9\u5668\u91cd\u542f\u800c\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u5bb9\u5668\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5927\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>VOLUME [&quot;&lt;\u8def\u5f841&gt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;\u8def\u5f842&gt;&quot;...]\nVOLUME &lt;\u8def\u5f84&gt;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u5bb9\u5668 docker run \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 -v \u53c2\u6570\u4fee\u6539\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>EXPOSE<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53ea\u662f\u58f0\u660e\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e2e\u52a9\u955c\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u914d\u7f6e\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u968f\u673a\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f docker run -P \u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u968f\u673a\u6620\u5c04 EXPOSE \u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>EXPOSE &lt;\u7aef\u53e31&gt; [&lt;\u7aef\u53e32&gt;...]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>WORKDIR<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 WORKDIR \u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u6216\u8005\u79f0\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u5404\u5c42\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u88ab\u6539\u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5982\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0cWORKDIR \u4f1a\u5e2e\u4f60\u5efa\u7acb\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p>docker build \u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a RUN \u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u662f\u65b0\u5efa\u7684\u4e00\u5c42\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7 WORKDIR \u521b\u5efa\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u624d\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>WORKDIR &lt;\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84&gt;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>USER<\/h3>\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fb9\u53ea\u662f\u5207\u6362\u540e\u7eed\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff08\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>USER &lt;\u7528\u6237\u540d&gt;[:&lt;\u7528\u6237\u7ec4&gt;]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>HEALTHCHECK<\/h3>\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u8005\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u76d1\u63a7 docker \u5bb9\u5668\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>HEALTHCHECK [\u9009\u9879] CMD &lt;\u547d\u4ee4&gt;\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u68c0\u67e5\u5bb9\u5668\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\nHEALTHCHECK NONE\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\u6709\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u884c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c4f\u853d\u6389\u5176\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u6307\u4ee4\n\nHEALTHCHECK [\u9009\u9879] CMD &lt;\u547d\u4ee4&gt; : \u8fd9\u8fb9 CMD \u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u968f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003 CMD \u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>ONBUILD<\/h3>\n<p>ONBUILD \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u7684\u662f\u5176\u5b83\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 RUN, COPY \u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4ee5\u5f53\u524d\u955c\u50cf\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u53bb\u6784\u5efa\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ea7\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n<p>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>ONBUILD &lt;\u5176\u5b83\u6307\u4ee4&gt;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8be6\u89e3:<a href='https:\/\/www.cntofu.com\/book\/139\/image\/dockerfile\/onbuild.md' target='_blank' class='url' rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.cntofu.com\/book\/139\/image\/dockerfile\/onbuild.md<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Docker Dockerfile \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Dockerfile\uff1f Dockerfile \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u7684<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,17],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Dockerfile \u6307\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3 - Linux\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Dockerfile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e86FROM\u3001RUN\u3001CMD\u3001EXPOSE\u3001ENV\u3001ADD\u3001COPY\u3001ENTRYPOINT\u548cVOLUME\u7b49\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Dockerfile\u7f16\u5199\u6280\u5de7\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u901a\u4fd7\u6613\u61c2\u3001\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8be6\u7ec6\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5b66\u4e60Dockerfile\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linuxdevops.cn\/2020\/11\/detailed-explanation-of-dockerfile-instruction\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dockerfile \u6307\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3 - 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