{"id":1231,"date":"2023-04-12T16:41:32","date_gmt":"2023-04-12T08:41:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linuxdevops.cn\/?p=1231"},"modified":"2023-04-12T16:41:32","modified_gmt":"2023-04-12T08:41:32","slug":"common-commands-for-mongodb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linuxdevops.cn\/2023\/04\/common-commands-for-mongodb\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5e38\u7528\u7684MongoDB\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>MongoDB\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u884c\u7684NoSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee5\u5176\u9ad8\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u6613\u7528\u6027\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002MongoDB\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u9762\u5411\u6587\u6863\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528BSON\uff08\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236JSON\uff09\u683c\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u3002MongoDB\u652f\u6301\u590d\u5236\u3001\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\u548c\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216MongoDB Shell\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684MongoDB\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u542f\u52a8MongoDB\uff1amongod<br \/>\nMongoDB\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528mongod\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u542f\u52a8MongoDB\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5c06MongoDB\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c\/data\/db\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code>mongod --dbpath \/data\/db<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u8fde\u63a5MongoDB\uff1amongo<br \/>\n\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u5230MongoDB\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e76\u6253\u5f00MongoDB Shell\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528mongo\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u672c\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u7684MongoDB\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code>mongo<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u5207\u6362\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1ause <database name><br \/>\nMongoDB\u652f\u6301\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528use\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u66f4\u6539\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5207\u6362\u5230\u540d\u4e3a\u201cmydb\u201d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code>use mydb<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219MongoDB\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1adb<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528db\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u540d\u4e3a\u201cmydb\u201d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code>db<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li>\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1ashow dbs<br \/>\nMongoDB\u652f\u6301\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528show dbs\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code>show dbs<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a0\u3002<\/p>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u96c6\u5408\uff1adb.createCollection(<collection name>, {<options>})<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u5728\u9009\u9879\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>capped: \u5982\u679c\u4e3atrue\uff0c\u5219\u96c6\u5408\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u96c6\u5408\u8fbe\u5230\u5176\u6700\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5c06\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/li>\n<li>size: \u5982\u679ccapped\u4e3atrue\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>max: \u5982\u679ccapped\u4e3atrue\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6587\u6863\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u201cusers\u201d\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\u4e3a10000\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>db.createCollection(&quot;users&quot;, {capped: true, size: 10000})<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"7\">\n<li>\n<p>\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u96c6\u5408\uff1ashow collections<br \/>\n\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\uff1adb.<collection name>.insert(<document>, {<options>})<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u3002\u5728\u9009\u9879\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>writeConcern: \u5199\u5165\u786e\u8ba4\u7ea7\u522b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ordered: \u5982\u679c\u4e3atrue\uff0c\u5219\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5411\u540d\u4e3a\u201cusers\u201d\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>db.users.insert({name: &quot;John&quot;, age: 30})<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"9\">\n<li>\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u6863\uff1adb.<collection name>.find(<query>, {<projection>})<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u7b26\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aJSON\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002\u5728\u6295\u5f71\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u540d\u4e3a\u201cJohn\u201d\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>db.users.find({name: &quot;John&quot;})<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"10\">\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u6863\uff1adb.<collection name>.update(<query>, <update>, {<options>})<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0\u7b26\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aJSON\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002\u66f4\u65b0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aJSON\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5c06\u540d\u4e3a\u201cJohn\u201d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a35\u5c81\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>db.users.update({name: &quot;John&quot;}, {$set: {age: 35}})<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"11\">\n<li>\u5220\u9664\u6587\u6863\uff1adb.<collection name>.remove(<query>, {<options>})<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u7b26\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002\u67e5\u8be2\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aJSON\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5220\u9664\u540d\u4e3a\u201cJohn\u201d\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>db.users.remove({name: &quot;John&quot;})<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"12\">\n<li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\uff1adb.<collection name>.createIndex(<index>, {<options>})<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u9009\u9879\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>unique: \u5982\u679c\u4e3atrue\uff0c\u5219\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li>sparse: \u5982\u679c\u4e3atrue\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u65f6\u7d22\u5f15\u624d\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u540d\u4e3a\u201cusers\u201d\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u201cname\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>db.users.createIndex({name: 1})<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"13\">\n<li>\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15\uff1adb.<collection name>.dropIndex(<index>)<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u540d\u79f0\u6216\u952e\u6307\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u4ece\u540d\u4e3a\u201cusers\u201d\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u57fa\u4e8e\u201cname\u201d\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>db.users.dropIndex({name: 1})<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"14\">\n<li>\u9000\u51faMongoDB\uff1aexit<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u9000\u51faMongoDB Shell\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MongoDB\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u884c\u7684NoSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee5\u5176\u9ad8\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u6613\u7528\u6027\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002MongoDB\u7684\u5b58<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,18],"tags":[124,125],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u5e38\u7528\u7684MongoDB\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c - Linux\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"MongoDB\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u884c\u7684NoSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee5\u5176\u9ad8\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u6613\u7528\u6027\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002MongoDB\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u9762\u5411\u6587\u6863\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528BSON\uff08\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236JSON\uff09\u683c\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u3002MongoDB\u652f\u6301\u590d\u5236\u3001\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\u548c\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u535a\u5ba2\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86MongoDB\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ca\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u542f\u52a8MongoDB\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u8fde\u63a5MongoDB\u3001\u5207\u6362\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u96c6\u5408\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u6863\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u6863\u3001\u5220\u9664\u6587\u6863\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u5220\u9664\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u9000\u51faMongoDB 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